{"id":10022,"date":"2018-06-09T16:10:55","date_gmt":"2018-06-09T16:10:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/litci.org\/en\/?p=10022"},"modified":"2018-06-09T16:10:55","modified_gmt":"2018-06-09T16:10:55","slug":"women-on-the-streets-and-barricades-to-defeat-ortega-murillo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/litci.org\/en\/women-on-the-streets-and-barricades-to-defeat-ortega-murillo\/","title":{"rendered":"Women on the streets and barricades to defeat Ortega-Murillo!"},"content":{"rendered":"

On past April 18 began the demonstrations in Nicaragua against the reforms to the Social Security system. Although the government was forced to step back with its proposal, the demonstrations continued and gained more strength, confronting not just a reform but also the leave of the government led by Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo.<\/em>
\nBy Lena Souza and Jessica Barquero.<\/strong><\/em>
\n 
\nWomen have been an essential part of this struggle, occupying more and more spaces. From the support that they initially gave, guaranteeing food, health care for injured, participating on the demonstrations and mounting the trenches, to the direct confrontation in each of those spots, defending themselves with artisanal mortars and bombs.
\nThis is not by chance. In 1978, when the fight against the Somoza dictatorship began, it was women who mobilized in the neighborhood of Mnimbeo, in Masaya, to confront the National Guard. The violent repression they suffered made other fighters join them, and the insurrection against Somoza began. It is 40 years later that the history of the brave Nicaraguan people repeats, this time to confront the FSLN government.<\/p>\n

Women on the lead<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Many women, most of them young, joined the different fronts of struggle. We recently talked with one of them, who told us, \u201cI\u2019ve raised my hand with a mortar; I\u2019ve participated of all demonstrations; I moved from one place to the other and I\u2019ve been in the front, too; I\u2019ve fought. (\u2026) But I say this as a woman: it is hard. I cannot deny it scares me a bit, but at the moment you see someone hurt or injured, shot, that\u2019s when you gain more strength and courage to say \u201cI want to be here, I will not leave.\u201d[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>
\nUnfortunately, when the government increases the repression, women become a target and sexual violence is used consciously and freely as a war weapon, as a practice to intimidate and create terror. This has raised the number of young women raped or sexually abused in the last days.<\/p>\n

Mothers take the streets<\/strong><\/h4>\n

On May 30, Mothers\u2019 Day in Nicaragua, a giant demonstration took place through the streets of Managua and other departments in support to the mothers that lost their children before the government\u2019s repression. It was an act of resistance and solidarity to the April Mothers.
\nThe call was categoric: unlike previous years, the typical music with marimbas, so characteristic of this celebration, were not part of it. May 30 of 2018 was not a celebration day. It was a day of fight.
\nWhile president Ortega talked about peace in his speech in tribute to the mothers, in the demonstration in Managua there were shots, leaving several seriously injured and many dead.
\nYet, the courage that today moves women to fight hand in hand with their male comrades is the reaction to decades of oppression and attacks that they have been suffering.<\/p>\n

In the Ortega-Murillo Nicaragua, women lost rights<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The self-called \u201cprogressive\u201d government of Ortega-Murillo proves, once again, that it is not enough with having women in power, as it depends on which class those women rule for.
\nOn International Women\u2019s Day, the vice-president of Nicaragua, Rosario Murillo Zambrana, known as \u201cChayo\u201d, made a statement highlighting the report of the World Economic Forum, which classified Nicaragua as one of the six countries with most gender equality.
\nThis classification is based, mainly, in the presence of women in Ministries and the National Assembly, where women hold 46% of the seats. According to Chayo, the Ortega government brought \u201crestitution of women\u2019s right and, overall, the promotion of respect to women\u2019s strength and capability.<\/em>\u201d
\nHowever, as some Nicaraguan women organizations question with reason, such information masks the true policy of the government regarding women\u2019s rights.
\nIn 2012, the Nicaraguan National Assembly passed the law 779, named Integral Law Against Violence Against Women<\/em>. But in 2013, the same law was reformed by the back-then president Ortega.
\nThe main modification reduced the \u201cfemicide\u201d to the private sphere, so it only recognizes a femicide when the violence suffered by women comes from a direct relationship, not in the public sphere.
\nThe article 9 of the law established: \u201cit is a crime of femicide when the man, in the frame of unequal relationships between men and women, causes the death of a woman, be it in the private or public sphere.<\/em>\u201d [Our translation.]
\nThe modification taken ahead by Ortega established that femicide is \u201ca crime committed by a man against a woman, in the context of an interpersonal romantic relationship, that has, as a result, the death of the woman in the circumstances established by the law.<\/em>\u201d [Our translation.]
\nAccording to Azahalea Sol\u00eds,[2]<\/a> from the Autonomous Women\u2019s Movement, this is \u201ca proof of the totalitarianism we live in Nicaragua\u201d<\/em> and that the consequence of the new orientation of this law is \u201cmore violence against women because the aggressor feels protected by the State.\u201d<\/em>
\nTo Bertha In\u00e9s Cabrales,[3]<\/a> from the Itza and Centers\u2019 Alliance Collective, this is \u201cgoing backward in time, (\u2026) it closes the road of protection before violence against women.\u201d<\/em> [Our translation.]
\nAnd they both come to a conclusion: the goal of the modification is to mask the numbers of violence, hiding the femicides in the public sphere.
\nIs it any similarity between the self-called \u201cprogressive\u201d governments, in the use of this method, a mere coincidence? It does not seem like it, as this practice repeats when the numbers that show the reality of the oppressed and poor segments are evidenced. As what they want is to improve capitalism, and such thing is impossible, they just disguise the real numbers.
\nOther modifications to the law were also denounced by women organization in Nicaragua, like the definition of punishment to fathers that do not comply with the obligation of alimony.
\nAlso, like in other countries, police stations for women were closed and the investment in shelters was cut, reducing the possibility for women to denounce violence against them.<\/p>\n

Punished abortion<\/strong><\/h4>\n

In Nicaragua, since 2006, the abortion is fully prohibited, even in cases of rape, incest, risky pregnancies or malformation. Punishment goes from one to two years of prison for women and one to six years for the health professionals that perform it.
\nAfter over 150 years (between 1837 and 2006) of access to therapeutic abortion in the country, the FSLN, that since 1990 stopped making it available in the public health system, forbade it definitely in 2006.[4]<\/a>
\nThis decision was taken by the FSLN through Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo, that defended such step back with the goal of winning the support and votes of the religious sectors. They used the drama of a 12-year-old indigenous girl that got pregnant after she was raped. Despite the child\u2019s health was at risk, the authorities denied the therapeutical abortion several times. The girl gave birth through c-section, and this was used by Ortega to win the reelection. In this occasion, Rosario Murillo affirmed, \u201cwe have worked in accordance with the believes and traditions of the majority in Nicaragua, in defense of life.<\/em>\u201d
\nThe same Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo, that were romantic partners for many years, married in the Church in 2005 to show their reconciliation and change. The speeches of the couple are loaded with allusions to religious motivations, used to justified their policy against women\u2019s rights. The big banners on the streets say \u201cChristian, revolution, supportive revolution\u201d as the FSLN slogan.
\nThe setback is also clear among the deputies, serving their own reelection. The bill project that bans abortion was voted in 2006, with 59 favorable votes and none against. Seven deputies abstained, and 29 did not show. As we can see, those who once were in favor of abortion, \u201cchickened out\u201d and did not vote (or voted against it) because of the fear to lose their electoral support.
\nA resolution that is irresponsible with women\u2019s lives, proper of those who were completely co-opted by electoralism, as Nicaragua lives a serious situation in this regard. The country has the highest rate of teen pregnancy in Latin America.
\nAccording to a research by IPAS,[5]<\/a> in 2016, \u201cannually, there are about 1600 birth of teenager mothers, who is about the proportion of women that were pregnant after a rape \u2013 number that reaches 10 thousand women per year.\u201d<\/em> The same study claims that the Nicaraguan case can be considered an epidemic-endemic due to these numbers. Also, the punishment forces abortions to be performed in a clandestine, unsafe mode, which in cases of complications avoids women to look for health assistance, as they might be sentenced to two years of prison if they do so and are turned in by the doctors that provided such assistance.<\/p>\n

Pending Accusations<\/strong><\/h4>\n

In 1998, Zoilamerica Narv\u00e1ez, Rosario Murillo\u2019s daughter and adoptive daughter of Daniel Ortega, denounced Ortega publically for sexual abuse that began when she was 11. The case was taken to the court, but Judge Juana M\u00e9ndez, who later became the magistrate of the Supreme Justice Court, filed the case alleging prescription.
\nYears later, Ziolamerica denounced that the designation of her mother as vice-president was a kind of payment that Daniel Ortega made to his wife for covering him up. The candidature of his wife was justified by Ortega as if he were complying with the law 50-50, that poses gender equality for public offices.
\nSince then, other accusations of sexual abuse against Daniel Ortega became public, and women organizations keep denouncing the way those were handled.<\/p>\n

Rosario Murillo\u2019s Role<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Next to Ortega is his inseparable partner, Rosario Murillo, who played an essential role in this government, being his spokesperson, and vice-president since 2017. Although at the time she was a figure with high popular support, the recent mobilization evidenced the anger of the population against her.
\nThe demonstrations all over the country began with the fall of metallic structures with the form of trees that decorate the streets in the country. Every metal structure is 14 meters tall and 6 meters wide and costs about 30,000 dollars. The so-called \u201clife trees\u201d are also known as \u201cchayopalos\u201d [Chayo-sticks] because they were Rosario Murrillo\u2019s (Chayo) idea.
\nThus, to take down one of those chayopalos<\/em> is not just to take down an expensive ornament, but it represents the decline a symbol of the Sandinista government who people is rebelling against.
\nThe cries of \u201cYes, we can!\u201d that accompany each one of this \u201cfalls\u201d are also a cry against Murillo, who ruled against the interests of poor and working women in Nicaragua.<\/p>\n

Full Support to Nicaraguan Women! No More Dialogue with the Dictatorship!<\/strong><\/h4>\n

As the Nicaraguan Committee of the IWL-FI says, \u201cthere will not be a Nicaragua nor justice for the martyrs if the Ortega-Murillo do not leave the power.\u201d All our support to and solidarity with working and young women in Nicaragua that join and strengthen the struggle for the Ortega-Murillo fall. Only through organization and unity of working men, women and youth, it will be possible to take this dictator government down, to move forward with a program that frees the working class and allows to take effective measures to free young and working women from male-chauvinist oppression.
\n***
\nNotes:
\n[1]<\/a> Spanish: https:\/\/litci.org\/es\/menu\/mundo\/latinoamerica\/nicaragua\/mujeres-no-tenemos-miedo-las-balas<\/a> [Our translation.]
\n[2]<\/a> Spanish: https:\/\/www.laprensa.com.ni\/2016\/02\/24\/nacionales\/1991455-corte-suprema-cerceno-de-hecho-ley-779-en-nicaragua
\n[3]<\/a> Ibidem
\n[4]<\/a> Spanish: https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/es\/news\/2017\/07\/31\/nicaragua-prohibicion-del-aborto-supone-riesgo-para-la-salud-y-la-vida
\n[5]<\/a> Spanish: https:\/\/confidencial.com.ni\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/ESTUDIO2016.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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