{"id":2151,"date":"2020-01-08T00:41:49","date_gmt":"2020-01-08T03:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.litci.org\/arab\/?p=2151"},"modified":"2020-01-08T00:41:49","modified_gmt":"2020-01-08T03:41:49","slug":"%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%84-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%84-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\/ \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 (\u0631) \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0631)\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0645) \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621: (\u0631 = \u062b + \u0645). \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 500 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 500=410 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a + 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 = (\u062b + \u0645) + \u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0641) \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 = (410 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a + 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629) + 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a (\u0631) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u0698)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 500 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 590 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 (\u0641)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631. \u0641\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627. \u0644\u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062b = 410 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 312 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064844 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064854 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 1054 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0649 54 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 <sup>(1)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 1500 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u06481590 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (\u0631 =\u062b + \u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a: = (\u062b + \u0645) + \u0641\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a (\u0631) \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u0631\u064e). \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 (\u062b + \u0645) + \u0641 \u0623\u0648 410 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a + 90 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 + 90 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645 +\u0641\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 90 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 + 90 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a 590 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644 180 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062b = \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0643\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 410 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 180 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a (\u062b) \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627<sup>(*)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0631 = (\u0635\u0641\u0631 + \u0645) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 (\u0631\u064e &#8211; \u0645)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 (\u0631\u064e = \u0645 + \u0641)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646: (\u0631\u064e -\u0631 = \u0641) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641 = \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630 \u064a\u0635\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 (\u0631 = \u062b + \u0645)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u064e = (\u062b + \u0645) + \u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 (\u0631 = \u0631\u064e). \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646: \u0645 + \u0641 = \u0645 + \u2206\u0645 (**) (\u0623\u064a \u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645). \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 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\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062b = \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d.<br \/>\n\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b: \u0631 = 410 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a + 90 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 + 90 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644 90 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 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\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 132 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u064a = 52 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 + 80 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a80\/52 = \u00a011\/13 153% \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649: 13\/30\u060c 3 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648 2\/33\u060c 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 <sup>(8)<\/sup>.<br \/>\n\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0628 <sup>(*4)<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1815\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0648 80 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u060c 22 \u0628\u0648\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 10 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0644\u0646 | \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 |\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 |\u0634\u0644\u0646\u00a0 \u00a0| \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647<br \/>\n_______________________________<br \/>\n\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 (\u0642\u0645\u062d) | 9\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0 1\u00a0 \u00a0|\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0634\u0631\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0 1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0 1<br \/>\n|\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628|<br \/>\n_______________________________<br \/>\n\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0| 10 | 2\u00a0 \u00a0 |\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u00a0 \u00a0| 8\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 | 1<br \/>\n_______________________________<br \/>\n\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0| 10 | 3\u00a0 \u00a0 |\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f| 2\u00a0 \u00a0| 1<br \/>\n_______________________________<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 | 9\u00a0 \u00a0| 7\u00a0 \u00a0| \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0| 11\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0| 3<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 3 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064811 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 3 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064819 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 3 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064810 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 3 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064810 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a + 3 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064811 \u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\/\u0645 + 3\u062c \u064811\u0634\/ 3\u062c \u064810 \u0634 = \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 100%. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0634\u062a\u0649 <sup>(9)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>_____________<\/p>\n<p>(1) &#8211; \u00ab\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a (Fixen Kapital) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00bb.<br \/>\n(\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c 1836\u060c \u0635 269)<br \/>\n(Malthus, Principles of Polit. Econ., 2nd Ed., London, 1836, p. 269).<br \/>\n(*) &#8211; \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u062b) \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (-1 \u0623\u0648 -2\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e) \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b &#8230; \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0635 277 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. [\u0646. \u0639].<br \/>\n(**) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a. [\u0646. \u0639].<br \/>\n(2) &#8211; \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645&#8221; (nil posse creari di nihilo). \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. [\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 156 157].<br \/>\n(3) &#8211; \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d (rate of profit) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (rate of interest). \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u0643 (ni l&#8217;un, ni l&#8217;autre).<br \/>\n(4) &#8211; [\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 137\u060c [\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635 188]. \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a &#8220;\u06cc\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0641&#8221;\u060c (vorschiesst) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633. \u0641. \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0632].<br \/>\n(5) &#8211; \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d &#8220;\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a (termini technici) \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0641\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n(6) &#8211; \u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u064a\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631<sup>(*1)<\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0628. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 <sup>(*2)<\/sup>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a &#8220;\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629&#8230; \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u062f&#8221; (\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 82 \u064878). \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u061f \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0647\u061f \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0632\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645.<br \/>\n[(*1) \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 : \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221;.<br \/>\n\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c 1962\u060c \u0635 499\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0646. \u0628\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0646].<br \/>\n(*2) \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062f ( J.Ch.Gothsched ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628. [\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0646].<br \/>\n(7) &#8211; \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 = 5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 = 5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 100%. \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0644 100% \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 20%\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<br \/>\n(*3) &#8211; \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b. [\u0646. \u0639].<br \/>\n(8) &#8211; \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1860 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0633\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631.<br \/>\n(*4) &#8211; \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c 1815\u060c \u0635 33.<br \/>\n(9) &#8211; \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"uhfOrebryW\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/archives\/2133\">\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\/ \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\/ \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631&#8221; &#8212; Liga Internacional de los Trabajadores\" src=\"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/archives\/2133\/embed#?secret=3P5IRbKLPB#?secret=uhfOrebryW\" data-secret=\"uhfOrebryW\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 (\u0631) \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0631)\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2151"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2151"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2151\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/litci.org\/arab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}